Background Gymnastic sports requires repetitive high load overhead movements that can lead to upper extremity injury. The scapula and the shoulder play a vital role in injury-free performance.

The shoulder blade, also known as the scapula, provides the base for normal shoulder and arm function. Abnormal scapular position and motion is called scapular dyskinesis and can occur when this base ...

Scapular winging involves one or both shoulder blades sticking out from the back rather than lying flat. It is a rare condition that may result from injury or nerve damage. This article will discuss ...

The scapula plays a central role in shoulder function, acting as a dynamic platform that links trunk movement to the upper limb via precise three-dimensional rotations and translations. Scapular ...

Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, University of Tehran (Medical Sciences), Tehran, Iran Correspondence to Dr Hossein Bagheri, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of ...

Today we are going to discuss posture and motor control. Posture describes resting positions of the body. Repeated movements and sustained postures eventually cause a joint to develop a susceptibility ...